Tuesday, February 4, 2014

[T892.Ebook] PDF Download Masculinities and Culture (Management in Education Series), by John Beynon

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Masculinities and Culture (Management in Education Series), by John Beynon

Masculinities and Culture (Management in Education Series), by John Beynon



Masculinities and Culture (Management in Education Series), by John Beynon

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Masculinities and Culture (Management in Education Series), by John Beynon

* What is 'masculinity'? Is 'masculinities' a more appropriate term?
* How are masculinities socially, culturally and historically shaped?
* How are particular masculinities created, enacted and represented in specific settings?
* How can masculinities best be researched and theorized?

Masculinities and Culture explores how 'masculinities', or ways of 'being a man', are anchored in time and place; the products of socio-historical and cultural circumstances. It examines the emergence of a masculinity fit for Empire in the mid to late nineteenth century and, by way of contrast, the more recent media-driven, commercial New Man and New Lad masculinity. The author considers some of the media discourses shaping masculinities today, and the formation of specific masculinities in specific settings (such as prisons, hospitals and schools) which both define, and in turn are defined by, strongly held conceptions of acceptable masculine behaviour. He concludes by reviewing a range of ways in which masculinities might be researched, from fieldwork and auto/biographical and life history approaches through to semiotics and the use of both film and literary texts. This lively text provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary debates concerning masculinities as gendered constructions, along with the means of researching and theorizing them.

  • Sales Rank: #954404 in Books
  • Published on: 2002-03-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 8.90" h x .59" w x 6.80" l, .81 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 192 pages

About the Author
John Beynon is Reader in Media, Cultural and Communication Studies at the University of Glamorgan, Wales, UK. Amongst his recent publications (both with David Dunkerley) are Perspectives on Globalization (1999) and Globalization: The Reader (2000). He has lectured in cultural, media and communication studies in Britain, Europe and the USA for over 25 years. In 1991, he founded the European Cultural Studies Network, which he co-ordinated until 2000.

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Monday, February 3, 2014

[E128.Ebook] PDF Download Forbidden Archeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race, by Michael A. Cremo, Richard L. Thompson

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Forbidden Archeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race, by Michael A. Cremo, Richard L. Thompson

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Forbidden Archeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race, by Michael A. Cremo, Richard L. Thompson

Over the centuries, researchers have found bones and artifacts proving that humans like us have existed for millions of years. Mainstream science, however, has supppressed these facts. Prejudices based on current scientific theory act as a "knowledge filter," giving us a picture of prehistory that is largely incorrect.

  • Sales Rank: #22891 in Books
  • Published on: 1998-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.25" h x 2.25" w x 6.13" l, 3.00 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 914 pages

Most helpful customer reviews

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Very Technically Written - Textbook Quality, But Not a Compelling or Easy Read
By brynn
I had high hopes for this book. I have always been skeptical of scientists who felt all manner of scientific testing and knowledge that exists - or will ever exist, is currently known, and are dismissive of any alternate ideas that may not mesh with theirs. Very arrogant in my opinion and one only needs to read scientific and medical books from the 18th and 19th centuries - since they thought they held all knowledge also - to see how incredibly wrong they may be proven to be someday. Anyway, I've always been an archeology and anthropology buff - albeit an amateur buff AND loved the idea of finds that could shake up the establishment. I was interested in a compelling read, but this book is not something I'd keep at my bedside table. This is textbook quality and I wish I had read the lower star reviews before purchasing - it's so dry and technical, and is definitely not written for the lay reader. I'm a voracious reader with a medical background, so I read at a decent level, but I just couldn't get into it. I'm very interested in the ideas put forward by the author, but this book isn't what I thought it was. While the author does his homework and provides example (after example, after example) of technical minutia - we're talking ancient stone edges - arguing whether the flakes at the edges were naturally formed or man made - I was bored and didn't want to continue. This type of writing makes up a most of the book. There are virtually no photos, and really a minimum of line drawings, considering there are 900 pages. I was very disappointed. If you are a scientist looking for alternate views, this may interest you. If you are a lay reader looking for interesting and compelling finds, photos and revelations - I'd look elsewhere. Three stars since it seems well researched and documented, but it is just not fun to read. Since the book is so pricy, I'm sending it back.

54 of 59 people found the following review helpful.
Very Comprehensive and Balanced
By R. J. Luedke
I purchased this book after seeing one of the authors quoted on a series of specials on the National Geographic Channel, dealing with the evidence that modern man was living on this planet perhaps a million years earlier than is thought on mainstream archeology.

As someone who loves both archeology and exploration of the roots of our planet and man's existence on it, I was facinated by the subject and had to have this book. But to my amazement, this volume is the closest thing to a text book I've read in almost 30 years. It is so comprehesive on presenting all aspects (including both sides of this argument) of this topic, that I may very well be pouring through this volume for months.

From the TV specials, I half expected to get a kind of pop-culture sensational approach within these pages, but was pleasently surprised by the high standards the authors set in presenting their case in a very scientific manner while continually balancing it with the skeptics viewpoint.

Robert Luedke is the author/illustrator of the Eye Witness graphic novel series, which features forensic archeologist Dr. Terry Harper (the Bone Man).

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Important Book!
By Clive Adams
Difficult read but well worth the effort. Opens up a whole new world of thought and discovery...Gratitude to the authors are due for the incredible work they did in writing and assembling the rare information contained in this important book.

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Sunday, February 2, 2014

[J436.Ebook] Download Ebook Fifty Shades of Marketing: Whip Your Business into Shape & Dominate Your Competition, by Naresh Vissa, Philip Kotler

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Fifty Shades of Marketing: Whip Your Business into Shape & Dominate Your Competition, by Naresh Vissa, Philip Kotler

The Internet has become a necessity to conduct business. Billions of people around the world are now more connected than ever before.

Whether you're an operating business or a college or job applicant, decision-makers need to know about you...what you offer...why you're awesome. Traditional marketing no longer cuts it today.

Fifty Shades of Marketing lays out specific ideas, step-by-step techniques, and beneficial resources to remove the chains holding you back from success in a digital age.

  • Sales Rank: #82949 in Audible
  • Published on: 2015-11-19
  • Format: Unabridged
  • Original language: English
  • Running time: 284 minutes

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Great Information for Marketers and Business Owners
By Digital Revolution
Such a useful guide to the jungle that is digital marketing in 2015. Naresh sorts out the pretenders from the real producers and explains thoroughly why you're wasting valuable time using certain marketing channels over others that have measurable ROI. I would recommend this book to any business owner or anyone in the marketing field, regardless of their level of experience.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Smart, well organized and very instructive
By Matthew Barnes
I had this very instructional book handed to me by a fellow I work with at a fast moving start-up. Knowing that I'd been a pioneer in guerilla and web marketing, he wondered if the advice in it was worthy of following. I am not easily impressed with marketing books as many of them seem to be written by people who are looking to pat themselves on the back with congratulatory self indulgence in a field that is far more art than it is science. This book is quite a bit different. Written like a bible it offers specific and concrete advise on the steps and considerations one makes when planning and implementing a successful campaign. Much of the book covers topics that are basic but with an approach that concretely identifies the questions one should be asking to make good decisions. Chock full of diagrams, and enumerated lists, the author sought to provide a situational guide for most marketing situations and strategies employed today in modern marketing. If you are a self-starter trying to learn marketing from zero, this book will propel you forward with great wisdom and helping you find that marketing mindset. If you are a young marketer, you will find this book an invaluable guide and resource for new ideas and tactics. If, like me, you are an old hand at raising the public profile of products, services and institutions, this book will also provide you with some interesting ideas that may expand your toolbox or clarify your instincts into more articulable perspectives for your clients. The level of research done makes this book a great resource and the short, terse and concise chapters make it a surprisingly easy read. Nice job Mr. Vissa!

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Immediately Purchase This Book. Seriously. You Still There? Purchase It Now. You Won't Regret It.
By Kimberly Odom
I will admit that when Naresh asked me to read his book, Fifty Shades of Marketing, I almost turned him down. Marketing?! Are you kidding me?! I immediately thought I boring, boring, boring and oh yeah, extremely boring. However, that same day I mentioned to my husband that I had gotten an email to read and review a book titled, Fifty Shades of Marketing. I told him I wasn't sure if I wanted to read it because marketing is a boring subject. He told me to read it anyway because I may be able to apply some of the tips to our own business and to my blog. So, I told Naresh that I would read and write a review about his book.

I started reading Fifty Shades of Marketing on Friday night and guess what y'all? It was so good I finished it by Saturday afternoon. Naresh is a great writer and this is by far the best book I have ever read about marketing. Naresh discusses everything from direct marketing, the importance of an email list, affiliate marketing, podcasts, how to brand yourself and more. In every chapter he gives examples of how each strategy will and won't work. Strategies he's used and the results. Each chapter is engaging and exciting to read. I even laughed at some of the stories he told in the chapters.

Some of the strategies in the book I will be applying to my home business and some to my blog. I feel like this book applies to all. I would recommend this book to anyone who wants to learn how whip their business into shape and dominate the competition. Naresh is a great writer and displays his intelligence and fun-loving ways in his writing.

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Saturday, February 1, 2014

[A963.Ebook] Ebook Free How to Make Coffee: The Science Behind the Bean, by Lani Kingston

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How to Make Coffee: The Science Behind the Bean, by Lani Kingston

Caffeine is the most widely consumed mind-altering molecule in the world; we cannot get enough of it, and drinking good coffee is our delivery system. How is it that coffee has such a hold? Its all in the chemistry; the molecular structure of caffeine and the flavour-making phenols and fats that can be lured out from the bean by roasting, grinding and brewing. Making good coffee depends on understanding the science: why water has to be at a certain temperature, what method works best with which grind, how roast affects taste, what happens when you add cream, and which bean you start out with. How to Make Coffee lays out the scientific principles for the coffee-loving non-scientist; stick to these and you will never drink an ordinary joe again.

  • Sales Rank: #3732053 in Books
  • Published on: 2015-03-02
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 7.60" h x .71" w x 5.12" l, .59 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 160 pages

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0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
It's a very good book. It contains a lot of interesting information ...
By Antonio Marinovic
It's a very good book. It contains a lot of interesting information on the world industry of coffee, as well as several handy tips on coffee making. However, those people focused on espresso techniques should look for another book.

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Wednesday, January 22, 2014

[I151.Ebook] Free PDF Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Complete Guide to the Japanese Writing System, by Wolfgang Hadamitzky, Mark Spahn

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Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Complete Guide to the Japanese Writing System, by Wolfgang Hadamitzky, Mark Spahn

Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Complete Guide to the Japanese Writing System, by Wolfgang Hadamitzky, Mark Spahn



Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Complete Guide to the Japanese Writing System, by Wolfgang Hadamitzky, Mark Spahn

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Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Complete Guide to the Japanese Writing System, by Wolfgang Hadamitzky, Mark Spahn

This comprehensive book helps you learn the 92 basic Kana characters and 2,136 standard Kanji characters.

Complete, compact and authoritative—this Japanese language book provides all the information needed to learn kanji and kana, including the 92 basic hiragana and katakana phonetic symbols (known collectively as Japanese Kana) and the 2,136 standard Joyo Kanji characters that every Japanese person learns in school. This new and completely revised edition reflects recent changes made to the official Joyo kanji list by the Japanese government.

The kana and kanji are presented in an easy and systematic way that helps you learn them quickly and retain what you have learned and improve your mastery of the Japanese language. The ability to read Japanese and write Japanese is an essential skill for any student and will build on their previous knowledge and improve on their overall capacity to learn Japanese. A concise index allows you to look up the Kanji in three different ways (so the book also serves as a Japanese Kanji dictionary) and extra spaces are provided to allow you to practice writing Japanese.

Japanese Kanji and Kana contains:

  • All 2,136 official Joyo kanji with readings and definitions.
  • Characters are graded by their JLPT examination levels.
  • Up to 5 useful vocabulary compounds for each kanji.
  • Brush and pen cursive forms as well as printed forms.
  • 19 tables summarizing key information about the characters.
  • Kanji look–up indexes by radicals, stroke counts and readings.

  • Sales Rank: #151777 in Books
  • Model: 24263522
  • Published on: 2012-04-10
  • Released on: 2012-04-10
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.00" w x 6.00" l, 1.64 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 424 pages

Review
"This will be a useful reference tool in the future…there are some good tips here." —Deep Kyoto blog

This book is great for helping students learn and memorize the different Japanese characters, but I have to emphasize that having at least some prior knowledge of Japanese is important for working with this book. The true beginner will most likely become overwhelmed with all the information and might even feel intimidated just by reading the introduction. Many people who choose to learn Japanese try to find quick and easy ways to learn how to write, but writing in this language takes dedication and patience. Using this book will not make you a writing or reading expert in a matter of months, but it will certainly make a huge difference. —Language Trainers blog

"The historic material, which many students skip, is meaty enough to satisfy geeky questions but not so demanding that I felt at all guilty about skimming through the more challenging sections." —8 Asians blog

"One of the best modern texts. Highly recommended" —The Japan Times

"A helpful guide for anyone who needs to use kanji." —Mainichi Daily News

"The kana and kanji book has the most common readings for each character which could definitely be worth memorizing. It also has stroke order which is useful and common words using that kanji which is very useful." — How to Japan blog

"Japanese Kanji and Kana by Wolfgang Hadamitzky and Mark Spahn is a much–have resource for anyone learning Japanese, because it is so versatile." —Judith Meyer, LearnLangs.com

"Each character is introduced with full info: stroke order, radical and composition, ON and KUN pronunciations along with different meanings that these imply (very useful for me!), as well as several example words or phrases that can be created with these Kanji. The examples have been carefully chosen so that they only use Kana or Kanji that were previously introduced, so that you don't need to jump around in the book. All around a must-have for students of Japanese." —Goodreads

From the Inside Flap
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From the Back Cover
Language

�One of the best modern texts. Highly recommended.�

�The Japan Times

This new edition of the widely acclaimed reference classic now reflects the recent update of the Japanese government�s official Joyo kanji list.

What makes this guide the leader?

A readable, detail-rich guide to all aspects of the Japanese writing system. It explains the kanji and kana�s history, orthography, and usage, as well as guides to writing, punctuation, romanization, and how to use Japanese dictionaries and reference books.

For all 2,136 Joyo kanji, here are their officially recognized readings, most important definitions, and up to 5 useful compounds. And for maximum use to learners, the compounds use only kanji that have been introduced earlier.

19 essential tables, summarizing key info�from the 214 historical radicals, to the rules for determining a kanji�s radical, to the derivation of kana.

�A helpful guide for anyone who needs to use kanji.�

�Mainichi Daily News

Most helpful customer reviews

17 of 18 people found the following review helpful.
a classic brought up to date
By Sam Delchamps
I get the impression that every so often someone, usually a Western writer, devises or discovers a "revolutionary new way" to learn kanji easily. Let's assume that if such a thing existed, the highly intelligent people of China would have hit upon it some centuries (or millennia) ago.

This book starts with the obvious truth that different people learn in different ways. Therefore, even if a scholar develops a revolutionary method for learning, it will only work for one fraction of students. Instead of telling you how you should learn, a good writer gives you multiple ways to learn so you can pick the way that fits your learning style. That's what Hadamitzky and Spahn do.

They work this into their book by having multiple indexes. You can work your way through the kanji (this new edition includes the 2,136 'joyo' kanji) by the way they're pronounced, by the number of strokes in the character, or by the radical. I started with stroke order, but realized after a few months that investing in learning the radical system vastly improved my understanding of kanji and the speed at which I could look them up.

Their 65+ page introduction to the Japanese writing system, which comes before the kanji entries, could stand alone as an excellent short book and is worth the cover price on its own. I highly recommend it.

11 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
The best available, perhaps, for a foreigner studying abroad
By bukhtan
I'm no longer an active learner of the Japanese language, nor any longer attempting to maintain literacy in that language which uses the most difficult writing system of all modern languages I'm aware of. However, I just took this most recent edition off the shelf in our library and can't refrain from posting a review.

This book is the closest thing to a complete rundown for the beginner that I've encountered. We all imagine the Sino-Japanese characters, the kanji, to be the main thing and that is certainly understandable. However, Spahn and Hadamitzky give the beginner the whole story. Those of us working on our own need the whole story, since acquiring literacy in Japanese makes such heavy demands on our memory, analytical and combinatory powers.

Sections (visible in the "search inside feature", but I have comments):

I Romanization:

There are two systems in common use, kunrei-shiki and Hepburn. Students should be aware of this at the outset. A transliteration table is included.

II Kana syllabaries:

The chief and resounding superiority of this book over competing works is this section on the kana syllabaries. I do not know of a comparable work which includes even a substantial part of the information offered here.

There is brief history of both kana (such stuff as hiragana's origins in "onna-de"; they were used by women; one might compare early scripting of Yiddish by-and-for women) and tables showing the kanji from which each was derived. The "alphabetical" or dictionary look-up order as well as the older "iroha" order are displayed. Stroke order is demonstrated. Combinations and the various ways of writing long vowels are discussed fully but concisely. The authors tell us what they are currently used for.

None of this is as obvious as many authors (or their editors and publishers) seem to think.

III Punctuation:

A complete list, illustrated with concise explanations. Necessary, but frequently left aside.

IV The kanji:

1) A "brief historical outline",

2) An explanation of the system (if it can be called that) of the various "kun" (native Japanese) and "ON" (Chinese) readings, as well as proper names. A small criticism: I would have liked the authors to clearly identify the three major groups of "ON" readings, as I found this knowledge an aid in memorization as well as a help in guessing what a kanji compound might sound like.

3) Rules of writing (stroke order and direction, kinds of strokes). This sort of thing must be clearly demonstrated. Learners lacking a capable teacher in the flesh will get sufficient guidance form Spahn and Hadamitzky.

4) A history of dictionary formats (necessary; serious students will quickly stumble across several types, or a at least hear them referred to).

5) a) Spahn and Hadamitzkey's 79 radicals (rather than the 214 radicals traditionally used since the Chinese revisions in the mediaeval period from a much larger number) b) the 214 traditional radicals c) commentary on the radical systems. Learners should eventually become accustomed to this latter traditional system but in the beginning stages the brief list will do, at least for the purposes of look-up.

6) Tips on learning kanji. Each student will eventually have their own ideas and it is their citizen duty to pass these on to younger generations whether or not the latter listen. Spahn and Hadamitzky offer good starting principles without turning it into a childish game.

7) The kanji list proper:

Like PG O'Neill but unlike Ms. Sakade, Spahn and Hadamitzky give the current form of the character, and, where appropriate, its form prior to simplification. This is necessary, all aside from aesthetics. The serious student is guaranteed to encounter the full characters, sooner or later.

V Indexes:

The authors include kanji indexes by

1)total stroke count,

2)(romanized) reading, and

3) radical (using the authors' own reduced 79-radical system as it is found in their "Kanji Dictionary (English and Japanese Edition)").

One or another reviewer said that it is hard to find kanji here. I must say that I don't see the difficulty; moreover, the book is a primer, not a dictionary. Students who intend to progress in their study of the language should invest in a kanji dictionary such as Spahn and Hadamitzky or a recent edition of the older Nelson.

Do not think that all this stuff is overkill. *You will need it*, earlier rather than later in the game. There is no "Japanese literacy simplified".

My only caveat, relating to the kanji, would be the indication of stroke order and direction. The authors indicate these aspects of each kanji by small numbers on a single-graph illustration of each kanji. I myself found a series of pictures of the kanji as it is "under construction" more helpful. This was the method used by the late Ms. Sakade in her "Guide to Reading & Writing Japanese", recently reissued.

9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Clutch this book to your bosom and weep for joy...
By ewomack
Kanji can cause pain. Those tiny symbols with multiple pronunciations and an often dizzying array of strokes and shapes scourge the stalwart and whittle down the weary. Those traveling this pictorial path beware! The Kanji do not give up their secrets easily. Not to mention that seekers of fluency will require at least some knowledge of over 2,000 characters and shapes. Some differ by as little as a single stroke. All are immensely beautiful and they deeply reward the persistent. But learning Kanji takes more than rote memorization. It takes a lifestyle change. Many have nonetheless succeeded.

Cheap melodrama aside (though more will surely follow), the Kanji remain one of highest hurdles for fluency in one of the world's most difficult languages. Those who have some knowledge know that they represent far more than letters. In fact, they are not letters, they are units of meaning that combine subunits of meaning. They can express ideas and concepts. Kanji are little salads of meaning. Everything said about the difficulty of learning them is true, but good tools can make the punishing task far easier. The justifiably classic text "Kanji & Kana" will spare many people frustration. After repeated use, many may find themselves clutching this book to their bosom and spewing endless tears of joy.

Anyone new to Kanji should read the incredible introduction that includes so much useful and time-saving information that beginners will nearly feel unworthy. As the book's title suggests, the Kana, which includes Hiragana and Katakana, also receive more than adequate coverage. Sound and stroke order charts, punctuation, usage, long and short vowels and numerous other fascinating tidbits and necessary information lurk here. Absolute beginners will likely need more material than this section provides, but it serves as an incredible refresher.

Then the Kanji. Here the book excels beyond comprehension. Detailed discussions of history, pictographic elements, radicals, graphemes and multiple readings follow. As puzzling as all of this may seem, it all remains essential for the fastest and most efficient learning of Kanji. One crucial section involves using a Kanji dictionary. Those wondering how to actually determine the meaning or pronunciation of a Kanji they come across in real life will feel a great weight lifted after reading this section. Not that looking up Kanji is an easy task, but this section makes it seem excessively less painful. And of course these techniques apply to this very book. After becoming familiar with stroke count or radicals through practice and memorization, patterns will emerge and finding a Kanji from life gradually becomes easier. The Kanji list, which makes up the book's vast bulk, includes loads of information on each Kanji, including the Kanji in brush form, character form and sometimes in an obsolete form (for historical texts). Each entry also includes references for stroke count, stroke order, radicals and graphemes utilized, structural categorization and various readings and meanings in Japanese and transliterated English. Knowledge of simpler forms usually facilitates learning of more complex forms, so the book presents Kanji generally in the order of less complex to more complex. So this book also works great for memorization. To quote Lewis Carrol: "Begin at the beginning and go on till you come to the end: then stop."

"Kanji & Kana" stands as an indispensable book for those with a seething desire to master the Kanji. Learners will need all the help they can get. Why make it more difficult than it already is? Pick up this book and digest it fully.

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Saturday, January 18, 2014

[Q994.Ebook] Ebook Download Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong, by Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen

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Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong, by Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen

Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong, by Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen



Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong, by Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen

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Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong, by Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen

Computers are already approving financial transactions, controlling electrical supplies, and driving trains. Soon, service robots will be taking care of the elderly in their homes, and military robots will have their own targeting and firing protocols. Colin Allen and Wendell Wallach argue that as robots take on more and more responsibility, they must be programmed with moral decision-making abilities, for our own safety. Taking a fast paced tour through the latest thinking about philosophical ethics and artificial intelligence, the authors argue that even if full moral agency for machines is a long way off, it is already necessary to start building a kind of functional morality, in which artificial moral agents have some basic ethical sensitivity. But the standard ethical theories don't seem adequate, and more socially engaged and engaging robots will be needed. As the authors show, the quest to build machines that are capable of telling right from wrong has begun.

Moral Machines is the first book to examine the challenge of building artificial moral agents, probing deeply into the nature of human decision making and ethics.

  • Sales Rank: #477421 in Books
  • Published on: 2010-06-03
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 6.10" h x .90" w x 9.10" l, .94 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 288 pages
Features
  • robot programming

Review

"An invaluable guide to avoiding the stuff of science-fiction nightmares."--John Gilby, Times Higher Education


"Moral Machines is a fine introduction to the emerging field of robot ethics. There is much here that will interest ethicists, philosophers, cognitive scientists, and roboticists."--Peter Danielson, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews


"Written with an abundance of examples and lessons learned, scenarios of incidents that may happen, and elaborate discussions on existing artificial agents on the cutting edge of research/practice, Moral Machines goes beyond what is known as computer ethics into what will soon be called the discipline of machine morality. Highly recommended."--G. Trajkovski, CHOICE


"The book does succeed in making the essential point that the phrase 'moral machine' is not an oxymoron. It also provides a window onto an area of research with which psychologists are unlikely to be familiar and one from which, at some point, we may be able to learn quite a lot."--PsycCRITIQUES


"In a single, thought-provoking volume, the authors not only introduce machine ethics, but also an inquiry that penetrates to the deepest foundations of ethics. The conscientious reader will, no doubt, find many challenging ideas here that will require a reassessment of her own beliefs, making this text a "must read" among recent books in philosophy and, more specifically, applied ethics."--Tony Beavers, Ethics and Information Technology


"... Moral Machines raises a host of interesting and stimulating philosophical questions and engineering problems, and highlights likely important future debates-- which is a great success for a book that comes on the brink of a field that is likely to surge in popularity in the upcoming decade. Wallach and Allen do so with a clarity and structure that makes their book simultaneously informative and enjoyable to read. Overall, this book is highly recommended reading for all those who already have an interest in the field of machine morality or for those who desire to develop an interest in the field." -- Philosophical Psychology


About the Author

Wendell Wallach is a consultant and writer and is affiliated with Yale University's Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics.

Colin Allen is a Professor of History & Philosophy of Science and of Cognitive Science at Indiana University

Most helpful customer reviews

7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
Raises problems but offers no solutions
By Courtney
This book seem to have been infected with the same disease that has ravaged the field of bioethics - the failure to grasp that specialized ethics can only proceed from a general theory of ethics. Without a clear specification of the latter, any attempt to devise ethics for robots, or for physicians, is doomed to incoherence, ambiguity, and confusion. Hence, the main problem with Moral Machines is that it lacks an attempt to reach clarity on human ethics. The book does excel in pointing out the problems with conventional thinking about robot morality, but it fails to describe solutions. The authors' suggestion of having robots acquire morality in the same way that humans do, does not solve the problem. It only guarantees that robots will be as morally confused as we are (e.g. 40% of people would save their dog's life over that of a stranger, according to a recent study at Georgia Regents University). Moreover, this approach fails to select a particular moral tradition in which to raise our robots: Lutheranism? Mormonism? Leftism? Just as we don't want robots to share common confusions about, say, surgical techniques, we don't want them similarly confused about ethics.

This book, which I nonetheless recommend, suffers from the timid, diffident, and tentative tones that afflict most academic writing. The authors seem to be part of an academic community and seek to retain membership by being minimally offensive. Who can fault them? However, this leads to excessively conventional thinking, a disappointing near-term focus, and no real discussion of the morality of hyper-intelligent robots.

If you want a good survey of current thinking on this topic, mundane as this thinking is, this book is a fine choice. If, instead, you prefer attempts to find solutions to the problems addressed in this book I would recommend Artificial Morality: Virtuous Robots for Virtual Games by Peter Danielson, only because it is more concrete. I would also recommend a bold little book called Robot Nation -- Surviving the Greatest Socio-Economic Upheaval of All Time by Stan Neilson, which. despite its title, turns out to be largely about robot morality.

5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
The best robot ethics text yet
By Keith A. Abney
Allen and Wallach's Moral Machines is the best text yet in the rapidly expanding field of robot ethics - and their work offers insight into the morals of not only robots, but ourselves as well.

Wallach and Allen examine the strengths and limitations of traditional approaches to ethics, such as deontology and utilitarianism, and the issues that arise in attempting a top-down programming of such rules into a robot. But the history of ethics is replete with controversy over the adequacy of any proposed set of rules - for instance, it might seem logical to switch the track of a runaway trolley that would kill five workers, even if it would thereby kill one person on the other track - switching maximizes utility. But should a doctor then harvest organs from a patient in for a checkup to save five people in the next room needing transplants?

So what should a robot do? An alternative is to attempt a 'bottom up' approach, and teach ethics to robots by trial and error, as we do children. The authors argue that this approach has both technical and rational limitations as well; principles are especially useful in resolving the difficult moral situations we call moral dilemmas. So they argue that a hybrid approach is probably best, and discuss in thought-provoking ways whether robots would need emotions, and how human-like we should desire these robotic agents to be.

Wallach and Allen convincingly argue that even if full moral agency for machines is a long way off, it is already necessary to start instilling into robots a type of functional morality, as robots are already engaged in high-risk situations and are already equipped with lethal weapons (e.g., the Predator drones now flying in Pakistan).

The text is anchored in near-term considerations and hence is light on some of the more far-reaching aspects of robot ethics - for instance, if full human-type ('Kantian') autonomy for robots is possible, should it be allowed? Or should robots be forever relegated to a 'slave morality', so they could never ultimately choose their own life's goals - lest they be harmful to humans? But the failure to engage in these more long-term debates simply underlines the near-term strengths of this text. For those wondering (or worried) about moral questions involving robots over the next decade, this is a must-read.

P.S. They also have a nice blog with updates: [...]

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Eloquent and Thought-Inspiring
By N. Coppedge
From a philosophical writer's point of view, this is one of the best-written books I've ever read. And that deserves emphasis. The writers' ingenuity in connecting the thought frameworks from networks of major concepts to another network of major concepts, and from one minor concept, and connecting to the next, or returning to a previous example, is really profound and unusual. I'm tempted to say that this book passes as poetry.

Additionally, I made copious notes and breezed through the book in less than a week. So, as non-fiction goes, yes its readable. It's also more intelligent than the average philosophy book in terms of the brilliance of interpretation and the potential to find "juicy details". Although it is not brilliant everywhere (and few books are, outside of Confucius, the Buddha, Shakespeare, Nietzsche, and perhaps Erasmus), there are reflections of brilliant thoughts on nearly every page.

Students of philosophy with an interest in entities, interfaces, and social science conundrums will love this book. I agree with the other reviewers that the significant bibliographic material is a major enhancement of the experience.

See all 15 customer reviews...

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Balanced Leadership School Leadership That Works Developing a Purposeful Community (Participant's Manual), by McREL

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Balanced Leadership School Leadership That Works Developing a Purposeful Community (Participant's Manual), by McREL

  • Sales Rank: #4618511 in Books
  • Published on: 2006
  • Binding: Spiral-bound

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